Iron Crowned Chapter 17

We became familiar with the full degree of Imanuelle's capacity as Kiyo and I advanced with her riding a horse to the Rowan Land. Her dreams were just as acceptable as she'd exhibited the main day, and I watched with hesitant wonder as she changed Kiyo into Girard, Shaya, and †ack †Dorian. The figments were immaculate †and hazardous. I started to completely comprehend why she was such a decent professional killer. She truly could be whomever she needed, slipping into high security places secretly. I was somewhat stunned when some piece of my cerebrum avoided directly past utilizing her to keeping her. That piece of my mind said disposing of her eventual more secure for me later on, and I quickly chastised myself for the thought. Detaining potential adversaries was something Storm King would have done. â€Å"It's not all-powerful,† she said at a certain point. I think she was simply making inactive discussion currently, having no idea of my interests. We'd crossed into the Rowan Land now, and she'd dropped her stunts with Kiyo, choosing hallucinations of wrinkled workers for us all. â€Å"Doing it for three individuals takes more force. Furthermore, in any event, for myself, I can't hold up masks forever.† She made a little face. â€Å"If I would, I'd be able to be a government operative. Significantly less messy.† I didn't utter a word however traded brief looks with Kiyo despite her good faith. He also needed to have broke down the ramifications of her capacities. I was additionally imagining that when we'd initially attempted to protect Jasmine from Aeson, our arrangement had fizzled in light of the fact that a government operative had deceived us. There was each chance now that Imanuelle could do likewise, and I thought about whether I'd rushed to confide in such an obscure amount. I could just seek love after her sibling would keep her faithful to his manager. In spite of its name, the Rowan Land was ruled by cherry trees. All things considered, in any event that was my impression at whatever point I crossed through it while traveling to different realms. As we voyaged further along streets that dove further into Katrice's realm, the cherry trees offered approach to different plants and trees †including rowans. They were littler than I'd expected and weighed down with berries of their own. This land was actually very decent, calm and wonderfully warm, with delightful green scenes. It would be a disgrace in the event that I had to annihilate it to the ground. We saw indications of Katrice's château some time before the mansion itself. Different voyagers went along with us out and about, those whose towns had been trapped in the crossfire of war and now searched out food and safe house from their ruler. Most were walking, and we passed them rapidly, for which I was happy. I required no blame on this excursion. We additionally started seeing troopers, without a doubt some portion of the expanded security that Rurik had anticipated. Some were venturing out to and from the manor. Some were positioned en route, cautiously viewing those of us who passed. I held my breath each time, trusting that Imanuelle's dreams will bomb us. Alongside recognizing her capacity limits, she'd likewise disclosed to us some upper class were touchy to her sort of enchantment and could see through her spells. She'd disclosed to us this part of the way through the excursion. It was data that sort of would have been helpful before setting out. Be that as it may, despite the fact that we were investigated, the fighters permitted us to pass, and in a little while, the mansion itself came into see. I delayed a second, appreciating it notwithstanding myself. Dorian and I both had dim, blocky stone palaces, similar to Norman fortresses left on desolate English open country. Maiwenn's house was exquisite and whimsical, continually helping me to remember a Disney film. Katrice's manor, be that as it may, could have been straight out of a postcard from Bavaria. It had solid, straight rectangular lines, its sides white and secured with windows. That durable boxiness was balanced by smooth turrets ascending from the middle, practically sensitive looking with their sharp dark rooftops. The land had been ascending as we voyaged, so it wasn't an astonishment to see the palace was arranged high on one of the lower regions opening into lovely, snowcapped mountains. It had a general perspective on the region we were drawing nearer from, a nd a strong divider encompassed its prompt grounds. Here we ground to a halt alongside the others looking for confirmation. We framed a since quite a while ago, bunched line, making me apprehensive. â€Å"Why the reinforcement? Are they declining people?† I asked delicately. â€Å"We don't for the most part have this numerous at our gates.† Kiyo looked forward, his sharp eyes seeing what we proved unable. â€Å"No, they're giving them access, simply doing a decent lot of addressing, which is easing back things down. Also, that is no joke you never have this numerous in light of the fact that your territories haven't been assaulted as much.† Great and terrible, I thought. I'd guarded my own kin, yet the war I was pursuing was pulverizing homes. It happened to me I probably won't need to stress over Katrice. On the off chance that these individuals found who was among them, I might just be brought somewhere around a furious horde. â€Å"Easy,† mumbled Imanuelle. â€Å"Don't look anxious. I can't stow away your expressions.† I educated myself to nonpartisanship, trusting I looked clear and depleted. After close to 60 minutes of fretful holding up, came. Four gatekeepers examined us, and we were speedy with answers. For our main story, we'd picked a town that had been close to a fight Dorian's militaries had battled with Katrice's. The vast majority of the inhabitants had gotten out before the battling, however a huge piece of the town had been crushed. â€Å"Our house was singed to the ground,† Imanuelle said. She didn't require the figment of a more established, cloth clad lady to be wretched. Her mien and voice were loaded up with great, persuading despair. â€Å"Our crops were cleaned out.† After more addressing, they let us in, sending us toward what was basically a nobility breadline. The internal grounds of Katrice's stronghold were stuffed with individuals †most troopers †and we needed to bear our way through the group to arrive at the corner where poor people and crouched masses were arranged. Many seemed to have made this patio their transitory home. It seemed as though an all around utilized campsite. In any case, food was close by, and I was alleviated that these survivors of war were being thought about. We floated close to the food line so as not to raise doubt, at the same time surveying the region. Specifically, our consideration laid on the fundamental entryways to the mansion itself. It was the most intensely protected spot of all, and I knew then that an inside and out ambush would have for sure been long and bleeding. Different warriors traveled through the entryway with small addressing, which was what we'd sought after. Finding a moderately clouded corner between a tall tent and the divider, we dodged sight and let Imanuelle work her next spell. She shut her eyes and took a full breath. A shiver ran over me, and the world obscured. At the point when I could concentrate on my allies once more, I saw myself taking a gander at the watchmen who had conceded us. â€Å"Whoa, wait,† I stated, expecting I most likely seemed as though one of the entryway warriors also. â€Å"Don't you figure we may have a couple of issues on the off chance that we run into our clones? For what reason didn't you make us look like arbitrary unknowns?† â€Å"Because if different watchmen don't remember us, we'll get addressed more,† Imanuelle clarified. She considered her hands fundamentally, a little grin indicating pride in her work. â€Å"I don't think the ones at the entryway are leaving their posts at any point in the near future. We shouldn't run into them.† She talked certainly, yet I had an inclination she was covertly thinking I trust. Everybody was excessively worried about their own issues to understand that three laborers had dodged away, and three officers had risen. At the point when the displaced people saw us, however, they ventured rapidly out of our way. No pushing this time. None of us required exercises on the best way to carry on. While our underlying passage had been powerless and wrinkled, we currently strolled with the certainty and quality of the individuals who ran this spot. We scarcely faltered as we moved to the stronghold's passage, and those careful moved to one side without remark. Being inside demonstrated more befuddling. We'd got some data on the manor's format, yet we didn't know precisely where Jasmine was being held. We were unable to interruption to ponder, however. We needed to continue moving like we had direction or, more than likely stand out. Officers and hirelings rushed around us, and we fell in sync with some down an irregular lobby. Kiyo, in every case quick reasoning, halted a solitary, youthful officer. â€Å"Hey,† said Kiyo tersely. â€Å"We've had reports that somebody may attempt to protect the Thorn Queen's sister.† The fighter's blue eyes enlarged. â€Å"What? We should alarm †â€Å" â€Å"No, no,† Kiyo interfered. â€Å"Keep it to yourself. We would prefer not to raise doubt. The outside gatekeeper definitely knows and is on watch. We have to know whether she's been moved or not. There were bits of gossip that she had been.† I made an effort not to chomp my lip. Kiyo seemed like he comprehended what he was discussing, yet this was a perilous second. As I'd stressed previously, Jasmine probably won't be held here. There was additionally an opportunity that this watchman didn't have any acquaintance with her area, and we'd need to continue playing this game with others. The more individuals we conversed with, the more dangerous our main goal became. â€Å"Not that I've heard,† said the officer. â€Å"She's still in the dungeon.† I inhaled a murmur of alleviation. I'd half-anticipated that him should state she was in Cassius' room. The prisons weren't incredible either, yet well †¦ it was the same than how I'd at first rewarded her. I sat tight for Kiyo to request more subtleties †what number of gatekeepers were on her, where the prisons were, and so on. Rather he gave the officer an abrupt gesture and again cautioned him to be on alert yet not to share his insight. â€Å"We required more info,† I murmured to Kiyo as we kept strolling a few doors down. Whatever her flaws, Katrice had great inside plan sense. Flower paintin

Ability Tracking Essay -- Teaching Education

Capacity Tracking Presentation In the event that there is one general accord among the individuals who investigate America’s arrangement of training, it is that we are deficient with regards to some place. Regardless of whether it’s in our downtown schools, or country locale, there is a particular education quandary that presently can't seem to be settled in our schools. Not exclusively are we gravely behind different countries in our proficiency rate and arithmetic capacities, yet there is likewise an expanding void inside our schools. A strategy for isolation known as â€Å"ability grouping† has been a regularly utilized practice all through the 90’s, and has changed the manner by which essential and auxiliary school understudies are instructed. The thought behind capacity gathering, or following, is that â€Å"many school experts accept that gathering by capacity advances student’s accomplishment since, it is contended, all understudies learn best when assembled with understudies of comparative abilities or levels of achievement.†(Perceptions) There are numerous contentions for either side, along these lines making one wonder â€Å"is capacity gathering a proficient method to deal with contrasts in understudy abilities?†(Education World) Contrary to today’s prevalent sentiment, which normally runs against the current instructive structure of our schools, I accept capacity following is a viable and advantageous methods for teaching our childhood, for an assortment of reasons. Capacity following advances scholarly accomplishment, quality guidance, and is a methods for understudy inspiration. Lamentably, the individuals who don't take an interest readily in the following project can undoubtedly get lost or distressed with the framework. This having been stated, I don’t deny the way that numerous enhancements can be made to the current framework as a methods for extending and giving chances to each one of the individuals who want achievement. Scholastic Achievement In a paper, Anne Wheelock, a noticeable instruction pundit composes, â€Å"Tracking doesn't bring about the equivalent and impartial dissemination of successful tutoring among all understudies. Rather, following assigns the most significant school encounters - including testing and important educational program, drawing in guidance, and high educator desires - to understudies who as of now have the best scholastic, financial, and social advantages†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This having been stated, I saw my secondary school encounters as entirely different than that. I went to an essentially white collar class school in Sacramento, CA, with understudies f... ...h capacity gathering, in spite of the post-present day conviction of numerous defenders of â€Å"de-tracking† our schools. Allowed there are numerous blemishes (as there would be in any instruction framework), however once we work through those imperfections, for example, social and racial partiality, capacity gathering will take our general public higher than ever. We are in good shape. Book reference: â€Å"Tracking†, http://www.edweek.org/setting/subjects/tracking.htm, Copyright 2000, Editorial Projects in Education Chen-Lin C. Kulik and James A. Kulik, Impacts of Ability Grouping on Secondary School Students: A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Findings, American Educational Research Journal, 19 (1982) Jeannie Oakes, Kevin Welner, and Susan Yonezawa, Commanding Equity: A Case Study of Court-Ordered Detracking in San Jose Schools. From the California Policy Seminar Brief Series, March 1998, Available online at: http://www.ucop.edu/cps/oaks.html. Tom Loveless, â€Å"The Tracking and Ability Grouping Debate†, The Thomas B. Fordham Foundation. http://www.edexcellence.net/library/track.html Heidi Schweingruber â€Å"The Perception of Ability Differences in U.S. Education†, http://www.ed.gov/puppies/Research5/United States/perception.html

Free-Soil party

Free-Soil party Free-Soil party, in U.S. history, political party that came into existence in 1847â€"48 chiefly because of rising opposition to the extension of slavery into any of the territories newly acquired from Mexico. The struggle in Congress over the Wilmot Proviso helped to consolidate the Free-Soil forces, which comprised those New York Democrats known as Barnburners , the antislavery Whigs, and members of the former Liberty party . These forces met in mass convention at Buffalo in Aug., 1848, where the party was formally organized and Martin Van Buren and Charles F. Adams (1807â€"86) were chosen as its candidates for president and vice president. The platform also declared for a homestead law, internal improvements, and a tariff for revenue only. The party polled nearly 300,000 votes and, by giving New York state to the Whigs, was a decisive factor in making Zachary Taylor president. The party elected one senator, Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, and 13 congressmen. The Compromise of 1850 supposedly settled the slavery issue, and the Barnburner element went back to its old allegiance. A few radical antislavery men kept the organization in existence and nominated John P. Hale for president in 1852; he received more than 150,000 votes. In 1854 the party was absorbed into the new Republican party. See T. C. Smith, The Liberty and Free Soil Parties in the Northwest (1897, repr. 1969); E. Foner, Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men (1970); J. G. Rayback, Free Soil: The Election of 1848 (1970); F. J. Blue, The Free Soilers (1973). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History

Free-Soil party

Free-Soil party Free-Soil party, in U.S. history, political party that came into existence in 1847â€"48 chiefly because of rising opposition to the extension of slavery into any of the territories newly acquired from Mexico. The struggle in Congress over the Wilmot Proviso helped to consolidate the Free-Soil forces, which comprised those New York Democrats known as Barnburners , the antislavery Whigs, and members of the former Liberty party . These forces met in mass convention at Buffalo in Aug., 1848, where the party was formally organized and Martin Van Buren and Charles F. Adams (1807â€"86) were chosen as its candidates for president and vice president. The platform also declared for a homestead law, internal improvements, and a tariff for revenue only. The party polled nearly 300,000 votes and, by giving New York state to the Whigs, was a decisive factor in making Zachary Taylor president. The party elected one senator, Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, and 13 congressmen. The Compromise of 1850 supposedly settled the slavery issue, and the Barnburner element went back to its old allegiance. A few radical antislavery men kept the organization in existence and nominated John P. Hale for president in 1852; he received more than 150,000 votes. In 1854 the party was absorbed into the new Republican party. See T. C. Smith, The Liberty and Free Soil Parties in the Northwest (1897, repr. 1969); E. Foner, Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men (1970); J. G. Rayback, Free Soil: The Election of 1848 (1970); F. J. Blue, The Free Soilers (1973). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History

Emmanuel Kant, Anthropology from the Pragmatic Point of...

Emmanuel Kant, Anthropology from the pragmatic point of view (1798) This text is an extract from the Antropologie from the pragmatic point of view of Kant is about the importance of the power of saying  « I  » for the human subject. Indeed, for Kant, this force â€Å"raises Man on top of all other living beings†. This power is the founding of the superiority and of the dignity of Man, it is thanks to consciousness that Man becomes a moral being, in other words a being able to think himself and thus to wonder about the nature and the value of his acts. In the first part, from â€Å"Que l’Homme† [that Man] (line 1) to â€Å"sur la terre† [on earth] (line 2), Kant formulates his thesis while in the second part, from â€Å"il est par la† [it is by that] (line†¦show more content†¦In other words, a unity, which is beyond any possible experiment. We could then establish the fact that this human unity, which distinguishes itself from animals and other living beings, results from self-consciousness. According to Kant, how does Man distinguish himself from the animal? Quite simply by â€Å"son rang et sa dignite† [his rank and his dignity]. Man is different from animal and from the â€Å"chose† [thing] by his self-consciousness. He knows when he makes good and bad acts, he is conscious of his acts in general. Indeed Man cannot live like the animal and satisfy only his vital needs, nor can he live like the thing which does not have any need, Man lives by satisfying his needs and more than his vital needs. Certain needs can appear superfluous like Art, but Hegel in his Esthà ©tique work show that Art is vital for Man’s well being. Moreover Kant said that music was â€Å"the language of emotions†. Man needs to give a reason to his existence as by reflexion or the application moral values which come from reason like being solitary. These moral values are notably found in the Old Testament as in Leviticus 19:18 â€Å"loves your neighbour as yourself†. Kant then says that even if the â€Å"je† is not pronounced, the individual can think. We could notably refer to the cave men who indicated their opinion and their engagement with gestures and signs even if they did not pronounce words having a syntax. The author is then pointing out that all languages, in

The Paris And Brussels Attacks - 1258 Words

I was just a few months from my 6th birthday when the terror attacks on September 9th 2001 happened. I was too young to full grasp what was happened at the time. I knew it wasn t good by seeing everybody crying, the president was always on TV and the flags were constantly flying at half staff. Fast forwards twelve years later and now terrorist are attacking the city that I live in. Unfortunately terrorism is becoming a predominate issue for not only us in the United States but for our Allies in Europe. The Paris and Brussels attacks are proof that even 15 years later we are still faced with a dangerous problem. Groups like Al-Qa’ida and recently ISIS are planting members of their terror organization in the borders of many countries around the world with only one goal in mind, cause havoc. These groups need to be stomped and we, The United States of America need to be the ones to do the stomping. Wether it be passing new laws strengthening our borders or using military force, t he people of this country and many others should not be forced to live in a state of fear. The easy definition of terrorism is â€Å"the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims.(Webster’s)† However the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) uses more in depth definitions to define to separation between International terrorism verse Domestic terrorism. Domestic is defined by the FBI as â€Å"Activities involving acts dangerous to human life that violate federal or state law whileShow MoreRelatedThe Syrian Civil War1497 Words   |  6 Pagesexpectation for more well off nations to provide for those in need across the world may be the moral answer, it is certainly no small task. 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Essay about Ontological Argument Critique - 857 Words

The existence of God is a much debated philosophical argument that has mystified philosophers since the age of the ‘Enlightenment.’ Many of the different arguments put forth and analysed though, have not adequately proven God’s existence. Although in order to move forward, failed arguments must be studied to ensure that mistakes are not repeated. One such argument is the Ontological Argument. This argument was first recorded by St. Anslem (1033-1109). Descartes adapts this argument in the fifth meditation in ‘Meditations on First Philosophy.’ He first establishes that whenever he thinks about a triangle, there are certain properties that must be present in order for the form to be a triangle. Further â€Å"even if perhaps no such figure†¦show more content†¦Since no such island actually exists, Gaunilo concludes, therefore, that the argument does not prove God’s existence. However, Descartes addressed Gaunilo’s objection stating simply that whilst an island is a contrived thought, his ‘triangle’ is not. The properties of triangles can be obvious and discoverable truths; they can be proven despite the thinker. On the other hand, the perfect island may vary, based on the thoughts of different people. Thus, to link God with thoughts of an island is flawed (Cardinal, et al, 2005). Another philosopher, Charles Hartshorne held that an island was a contingent entity that can endure termination by nature. God is a necessary as he is unaffected by nature. Thus, the two entities fail to relate to each other adequately. (Grim, 1983) As the weakest of the objections, Gaunilo does appear to have missed the point of the Ontological Argument. He mistakenly likens his island to ‘God’ when, this is rather more akin to Descartes triangle or, more so, his mountain and valley. 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In other words, proof that one can know God a priori, with no experience whatsoever. Following his publication, a philosopher named Caterus raised key objections to his proof, which he later responded to in an intriguing way. Descartes’s reply to Caterus’s critique of Descartes’s Ontological argumentRead MoreEssay on Hegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument1748 Words   |  7 PagesHegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument ABSTRACT: I intend to present Kants refutation of the ontological argument as confronted by Hegels critique of Kants refutation. The ontological argument can be exposed in a syllogistic way: everything I conceive as belonging clearly and distinctly to the nature or essence of something can be asserted as true of something. I perceive clearly and distinctly that existence belongs to the nature or essence of a perfect being; therefore, existence can

Weight loss, nutrition, and healthy diet advice free essay sample

In the United States and such other countries, increasing use of sugar in foods has led to an increase in obesity levels. Many manufactured foods have sugars that have been added. These include jams, jellies, yogurt, peanut butter, soups, candy, bars, soft drinks and many other snacks. The National Health and Nutrition examination survey indicated that the United States population has decreased its intake of fat but increased its intake of sugary and energy giving foods, while the incidence of obesity has increased (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2006) and throughout the world.The implication here is that there is a greater likelihood of developing obesity with the consumption of sugar than with the consumption of fat. The sugar, when consumed by humans is stored as glycogen. When this glycogen becomes excessive it is converted into fats which when in excess results in the high-fat deposits common in obesity. Artificial sweeteners have various advantages over sugar and these make them the preferred choice for individuals who want to avoid the health risks of natural sugar. We will write a custom essay sample on Weight loss, nutrition, and healthy diet advice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To start with, sugar substitutes do not have the problem of lactic acid production, consequently, tooth decay is not a health hazard associated with sweeteners. The sweeteners do not undergo the fermentation process like natural sugars. The difficulty of regulating blood glucose levels is easier to manage using artificial sweeteners. Artificial sweeteners allow the individual with diabetes to enjoy a great variety of foods while maintaining close control of their sugar intake. Further, some of the artificial sweeteners even though they have a small number of energy calories, are slowly metabolized.There has been a debate on the value of extrinsic sugar to the health of an individual. Extrinsic sugar enhances the taste of food but as it does so it also increases the number of calories resulting in negative effects on the health of an individual. The nutritional advice by the United Nations following a report compiled by two of its agencies (Fao and Who ) is that free sugars should account for only as much as 10% of the total intake in a diet that is considered too healthy.This is because of the high-profit margin realized with the use of artificial sweeteners as they are more cost-effective than both corn syrup and sugar. The sweeteners, however, should be used by consumers with great caution to ensure that the sweeteners do not end up becoming more of a health hazard than a means of achieving good health.

Marketing Design and Innovation Smart TVs

Executive Summary Marketing design and innovation has gained massive relevance in the electronic industry where competition has reached the cut-throat levels. The Smart TV industry is one of the most affected industries where firms are fighting to retain their competitiveness. Samsung Smart TV is one of the products that have found themselves in this competitive environment.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Marketing Design and Innovation: Smart TV’s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marketing team of Samsung has been coordinating closely with the production unit to ensure that the design, colour, shape, and functionality of the product meet the needs of the market. The marketing approach taken by the firm must be innovative enough to appeal to the emotions of the customers in order to influence the buying decision. Strong brands are very helpful in such competitive environments. Introduction The field of marketing has undergone a massive transition over the years as various changes take place in the global market. According to Trott (2005, p. 89), firms have come to realize that they no longer hold the power of deciding what to deliver in the market. In the past when there were few players in various industries, firms had massive powers, and consumers had to accept what was presented to them. However, this changed as the market started getting competitive. It was clear that firms had to go beyond offering the normal products to the market. They had to be unique in their product offerings in order to gain competitive advantage over others. They realized that before producing any product, they had to get the opinion of the consumers in order to present to them what will offer them maximum satisfaction. Marketing changed from an inward-out approach to an outward-in strategy. Only the best could survive the intensity of the competition and firms in different industries struggle d to outsmart their competitors. The electronic industry has experienced a stiff competition, not only because it is at the heart of the emerging technologies, but also because of the nature of the customers. Firms in this industry have been struggling to come up with new products that can help them attract the attention of the market. This has given rise to the marketing design and innovation. According to Von (2003, p. 56), firms have embraced innovation as a way of developing unique products in the market that can meet the demands of customers. This scholar also says that customers have become so sensitive of the product design when making their purchases. The shape, colour, design, imagination, relevance, usefulness of the product will define the possibility that a customer will purchase a given product.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The recent introduction of t he Smart TV by various electronic companies is a clear indication that firms have come to appreciate the relevance of the marketing design and innovation in their production strategies. This research will focus on analyzing the marketing design and innovativeness of Samsung Smart TV. Critique of Television Sets Features, Benefits and Values Samsung is one of the most successful electronic companies that have been able to retain its attraction both in the developed and developing economies. It is one of the top brands in the electronic industry, always coming up with new products in different designs that go beyond customers’ expectations. The company plunged itself into the field of Smart TV as a way of asserting its position as a leading company in this industry. This product has been considered unique because of its features. Below is a diagram of Samsung Smart TV. Samsung Smart TV As shown in the diagram above, this is more than a television set. It is a whole system of e ntertainment brought together. The second diagram below is the best graphical presentation of the features of this digital entertainment machine. Features of a Samsung Smart TVAdvertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Marketing Design and Innovation: Smart TV’s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In defining features of a Smart TV, Rosellina, Amna and Matherly (2013, p. 67) says, â€Å"It has a higher focus on the online interactive media, Internet TV, over-the-top content, on-demand streaming media, and home networking access.† Basic feature of this product is that it is a television set that has all the features of a conventional television set. However, it has other integrated features that make it unique from a television set. It supports the interactive media. This means that one can use it to access the social media such as Facebook, Tweeter, and YouTube. Its ability to support the streaming medi a means that the user can easily watch any online entertainment by streaming it live. It offers numerous benefits to the user. One can easily download a video and store it within the system for future viewing. It is also multifunctional, meaning that as a person watches news on BBC, he or she can record events taking place at CNN so that he or she can watch it at a later time. This high value makes it a unique product in the market. Critical success factors, phases of innovation, and timeline Development of the Smart TV can be traced to way back in 1994 when the first patent was registered by a group of electronic engineers in the United States. However, its real impact started taking shape in 2010 when major companies started commercializing the product after successfully testing the models. It is also important to analyze phases of innovation and critical success factors in this industry. The path towards Smart TV has been long and bumpy as firms struggle to develop unique product s. According to Baxter (1999, p. 46), the path taken by the leading electronic firms to arrive at Smart TV is closely connected to the path that was taken to come up with the Smartphone. From traditional television sets, most companies realized that it was necessary to develop more superior products for their customers. The initial issue about the design that had to be addressed at the early stages was about the shape.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The cathode-ray tube television sets were occupying a huge space in an environment where space was an issue. The development of plasma screen television sets was a critical success factor when addressing the issue of space. Then the companies realized that customers needed more in their television sets other than the TV and AV functions. They came up with radios. However, this did not receive massive acceptance as it did when the radio was introduced on phones. The invention of LCD was another critical success factor in this development process. It had superior features than the plasma TV. LED was the second last stage. Finally, there was the Smart TV with superior functionality as those that have been described above. Samsung has been very active in the various stages described above, and it is currently one of the major manufacturers of Smart TVs. Although this product is not available in most homes, it is an indication of a major success that has been made in this industry. Analy sis Comparison of Leading Brands of Television Sets and Their Design Factors Some of the top electronic brands have been keen to develop Smart TVs as a way of tapping into this rich field that has received positive reception from customers. According to Bidault, Despres and Butler (1998, p. 478), most of the electronic companies that have ventured into the manufacture of this product have their own unique designs that they have embraced, with some having higher performance features that others. Samsung is one of the leading companies that have been very successful in this industry. Although the functionality of its Smart TVs is slightly different from that of other brands, the physical designs of these Smart TVs are almost the same. They have embraced the ultra-thin model using LED technology. Samsung Smart TV has a diamond colour, with a touch-screen and qwerty-keyed remote control that enables the user to easily type, when looking for information on the internet. According to Cimp u (2013, p. 45), the 75-inch Samsung’s Samsung D9500 remains the largest Smart TV in the market. At this stage, it would be necessary to analyse the top six brands of Smart TVs in the global market. LG Smart TV has been viewed by many critics as the best Smart TV in the market in terms of the functionality and the value it offers. Its heavy downloading capacity makes it one of the most favourite Smart TVs among the internet savvy individuals. It can also identify and inform the user about specific sites where data being downloaded is obtained. The following diagram shows the physical design of an LG Smart TV. LG Smart TV As can be seen from the above image, it is clear that this Smart TV has more functionalities than a conventional television set. Besides offering basic television channels, this television allows users to access interactive media such as Facebook, Tweeter, and YouTube. Other online services such as e-market can also be accessed through this website. The Pana sonic Smart TV brand shown has been one of the most successful Smart TV brands in the market. The Panasonic Smart Viera seeks to offer its users a unique ability to use various functions at the same time. As shown in the figure below, the screen can be partitioned by the user so that different functions are allowed to run simultaneously. It means that when using this electronic, it is possible to watch live football while charting with a friend on Facebook and downloading movies from the YouTube. Panasonic Smart Viera Sony Smart TV, also known as Sony Entertainment Network, is one of the best Smart TV brands in the market. The figure below shows a picture of a Sony Entertainment Network. Sony Entertainment Network As the name suggests, this television seeks to offer maximum entertainment to the users. When describing functionality of Sony Entertainment Network, Roedy and Fisher (2011, p.) say, â€Å"The product is built around impressive video unlimited and music unlimited servic es, BBC iPlayer, Demand 5, Lovefilm, Netflix, BBC News, library, BBC Sport, a Sony-branded channel of 3D content, Sky News, YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Picasa and Skype.† It means that this product offers much more to the users. The marketing unit of this company and the production department worked very closely to come up with a product that goes beyond the expectations of the customers. According to Trott (2005, p. 82), in the current market, the only way of staying ahead of market competition is to be able to provide quality services that goes beyond the expectations of the customers. This is what Sony’s Smart TV sought to achieve in this new product. The Toshiba Smart TV, also known as Toshiba Cloud TV, is another successful Smart TV brand that has achieved massive success in the market. The television is ultra thin because of the issue with the spacing. Besides allowing users to use the social media, it also has the functionalities of Live Sport TV, i-Concerts, Dai ly motion and much more functions. It has a calendar that can be displayed on the screen whenever the user finds this necessary. For the iOS users, the Toshiba Cloud TV app can be a functionality that can be used to improve the experience of using the product. However, it is important to note that users of this product have criticized it for messy accounts and a problem with pairing the codes or password. For this reason, this product is poorly rated as compared to other products in the market such as LG and Samsung. The figure below shows Toshiba Cloud TV. Toshiba Cloud TV Another leading Smart TV brand is Phillips. Its functionality varies a little from that of Samsung and LG. Although it has the capacity to download information from the internet, it lacks the capacity to inform the user about the details of the site from which the information is obtained. However, it shares other functionalities such as allowing users to browse the internet, use the interactive media, download m usic from the internet and store them for future use. The figure below shows an image of a Phillips Smart TV. Phillips Smart TV When analyzing the design of the six top brands of Smart TVs, one thing that comes out clearly is that all of them have embraced the need for this product to be ultra-slim. The main difference in design that comes out, as shown in the diagrams above, includes the shape of the stand and their color. However, other features are pretty much the same. Design and Innovation of Smart TV According to Norzalita and Norjaya (2010, 181), the design and innovation would always define the competitiveness of the product in the market. As customers find themselves presented with products with nearly similar functionality features, they are now focusing on the design of the products as a way of determining their superiority. They look at issues such as product’s shape, colour, and style when choosing the product. Samsung has been very sensitive in defining the des ign of its products. According to Keller, Sternthal and Tybou (2002, p. 9), there is always a general assumption among the consumers that the superiority of the product’s design has a close relationship with the service it renders. This means that a product with a superior design will always be assumed to have a superior value than others with simpler designs. Given the similarity of these products in terms of their functionality, most companies are currently using the differentiation strategy as a way of making their products unique in the market. Firms have to realize that consumers use these designs to rate these products. For this reason, while designing the unique functionality of the products, these firms must remain very innovative on issues such as shape, colour and other attributes of the product. Product and service process The analysis above clearly shows that when designing a product, it is very crucial to pay attention to some of the external features that some c ompanies may be tempted to ignore. This is so because in marketing, these physical attributes play an important role. These factors are critically discussed below. Shape, colour, design, imagination, relevance, and usefulness It is now clear that the shape and colour of a product plays a pivotal role in determining the ease with which it can be marketed among different classes of consumers. Customers pay attention to the finishing touches of a product. Samsung has been keen in defining these factors in their product. The image below is of Samsung Smart TV demonstrating the shape, colour, and design used on the finished product. The Colour Theory of Design holds that different colours evoke different emotions among the customers. The Shape, Colour and Design of Samsung Smart TV In its design, the firm was keen on developing an ultra-thin product as shown in the first diagram. It shows that it is space conscious. The second diagram shows the diamond colour and the shape of the screen . It demonstrates imagination of the developers, and relevance of the product in a world where space is increasingly becoming scarce in many homes. It demonstrates the usefulness of the product, not just because of its functionality, but also because of the consumption of the space. The product design is always an output of an imagination. The invention of a Smart TV and its design was an imaginative work that was based on the premise that the final product should address the issue of space, and functionality of the product. This explains why the product has integrated functions of so many electronic gadgets into its system. The relevance of the applications found on this television and its usefulness will depend on the individual user. For instance, this product eliminates the need for a personal computer. However, for it to be relevant to the consumer, then the person must be a user of the personal computer. For an old man who only needs to watch BBC news and other simple forms of entertainment, this sophisticated product may be of little benefit to them. However, the youths who are heavy users of social media, live sporting events, and heavy data storage, this product is very relevant and highly useful. Style, form, reparability, conformance, performance The style, form, reparability, conformance, and performance are other attributes that customers will be looking for in the products they purchase in the market. Samsung has been very keen on the style, form, and functionality of their products. The figure below is an image of Samsung Smart TV being launched in the market. Style and Functionality of Samsung Smart TV The presence of a lady in this advert is just to emphasise on the sheer size of this television. It shows that the lady could fit perfectly well in the screen if this were possible. In essence, it is telling the consumers that they will be watching images in their real sizes. The screen also informs the consumers of the variety of the functions that they can perform with this product. The qwerty-enabled remote control held by the lady in the advertisement is an indication that this Smart TV has the features of a personal computer. However, it is important to note that most of the Smart TVs have had issues with their reparability. According to the market research by Rosellina, Amna and Matherly (2013, p. 54), Samsung Smart TV has been regarded by most of the users as a high performance product. It is easy to use with very simple manuals to enable the user to understand the sophistication of the product. The product can also be repaired easily in the approved Samsung outlets in the global market. However, there have been limited cases of customers seeking repair for this product, and this means that the current data may not be substantial enough to form a basis of a conclusion. Gestalt Ratio Theory In marketing, it is always necessary to use the underpinning theories to explain some of the phenomena in the market that would define consumer behaviour. In design, Gestalt Theory of Perception is one of the widely used theories that helps explain how designers always seek to achieve visual satisfaction out of their products. Gestalt Theory of perception defines ground-object relationship and various principles about product design (Kelley 2001, p. 89). One of the most important principles of Gestalt ratio is the Golden Ration System. It involves coming up with symmetrical shapes out of a product. This would be a clear indication that the product’s design is based on some definite shape. This is specifically meant to be appealing to the eye when one looks at the product. The symmetrical shape should be achieved by dividing the product into two equal shapes by dividing it into two equal parts from whichever angle. Other smaller symmetrical shapes can also be achieved out of the product as demonstrated in the product below. The figure above shows that Samsung Smart TV has various symmetrical shapes fr om various angles. This is an important factor in defining the beauty of a product from the perspective of customers. Market Penetration and Segmentation In order to be successful in the market, Samsung must define a clear market penetration strategy. This must start with a clear definition of the market segment that is targeted. This will help avoid cases of making general promotions that may fail to reach the intended audience. It is important to use some theories when defining the market segment. One of the underpinning theories that can be used at this stage is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. The marketing unit of Samsung must realize that the market is very competitive, and that marketing programs must be very specific. Samsung Smart TV cannot be a product targeted for the individuals who are struggling to meet psychological or security needs as defined in the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This is the best product in the market currently with features meant to offer m ore than what a conventional television offers. This means that it is a product for people who have achieved self-actualization or approaching it. For this reason, the targeted segments of this product are the upper class and the upper middle class members of the society. After defining the market segment, the marketing unit must define the positioning strategy (Jolly 2005, p. 45). The Consumer Buying Decision Process Theory will be very useful at this stage. This theory will help the marketing unit of Samsung understand the decision making process of the buyer. This involves understanding some of the basic facts that defines the decision that the consumer will make in the process. The positioning strategy should be developed only after understanding some of these factors valued by the consumer that will make him or her make decisions on the products to buy and those that should be avoided. It is important to note that some consumers are largely attracted to a product simply because of its physical design. Others would want more than just the physical attractiveness of the product. Such customers may ignore the physical appearance and pay more attention to the functionality of the product. Samsung Smart TV must be an all rounded product that would offer an appeal to the customers with varying needs. This product should be positioned in terms of its functionality, space consciousness, and the physical attraction. The marketing management unit should then define the most appropriate communication strategy that would help reach the target audience. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Tweeter and YouTube can be very useful. The mass media such as television adverts and newspaper adverts should not be ignored. It is important to note that Samsung’s performance in the market is impressive. The product positioning was done successfully, and the firm has maintained a massive campaign for this product using both the mass and social media. Brand Appeal in Re lation To Competitors In a highly competitive market, firms are always under massive pressure to come up with ways of making their product unique from other existing products. The best way of differentiating product is to use brand. Samsung Smart TV is operating in a highly competitive environment where the products share so many features. The level of competition in this industry has gotten so stiff that firms are relying on the strength of their brand to gain competitive advantage over competitors. The products are also so similar that customers are using the brands as one of the ways of differentiating them. Below are the images of some of the top brands in this industry. Haier Smart TV (Haier Brand) Apple Smart TV (Apple Brand) Samsung Smart TV (Samsung Brand) Roku Smart TV Net-Range Smart TV Branding is one of the best ways of gaining competitive edge in the market over market rivals. As shown in the six images above, different brands use different innovative features to a ttract the appeal from the customer. It is clear that there are numerous brands of Smart Television in the market. Customers pay a lot of attention to the brand that is presented to them. They always base their buying decisions on the brands that are known to offer quality products. For instance, the brand Net-Range is very new to many of the consumers in the market. It does not have a history, which means that customers cannot attest to its quality. Consumers are always weary of such products. They prefer brands that are known to them. However, it is Samsung brand is one of the highly valued brands in the electronic industry. This has given its Smart TV an edge over most of the market competitors. It means that in the above identified brands, Samsung should only be weary of the Apple Brand. Apple is one of the brands known for its focus on quality of its products. Brand meaning, brand equity, brand awareness, image, and relationship According to Rust, Zeithaml and Lemon (2004, p. 1 0), brand is one of the most important components of the product that should be given emphasis when developing marketing programs. The brand name and brand image helps in the identification of the firm’s product in the market. The brand name Samsung and its logo are very popular in the market. The firm has also been keen on developing brand awareness in order to popularize the product in the market (Dussauge and Garette 1999, p. 176). The brand strategy helps a firm develop a firm grip on its customers in order to gain a competitive edge over its competitors. According to Rosellina, Amna and Matherly (2013, p. 89), brand awareness refers to the level at which a given brand is known in the market. Some of the top brands like Samsung are widely known in the market for various other electronic gadgets. However, Rust, Zeithaml and Lemon (2004, p. 89) warns against ignoring the need for constant awareness creation. At no point should a firm cease maintaining awareness campaign in the market, especially when there is a new product in the market. Quality, cost, status, performance, differentiation The cost of the product is always closely determined by its quality and performance. Samsung Smart TV is fairly priced as compared to its competitors, but it has some of the best features in the market. The firm has also tried to bring differentiation on the product using the logo, design, colour, and functionality. The quality of the product should be used to define the cost of the product in the market. The brands of Smart TVs mentioned above have varying costs based on the brands and the functionality of the product. This means that a 51-inch Samsung Smart Hub will cost differently from a 51-inch LG television. When defining the cost of a product, it is important to pay close attention to the capacity of the buyers and their view of the product. When the buyers have a higher purchasing power, they tend to assume that expensive products are of higher quality than c heaper products. This factor should be taken into consideration when developing the price. Innovation Centred-First to Market The marketplace has changed so much that traditional forms of marketing may not offer the desired solution to firms operating in a competitive industry as Samsung. Innovation-centred approach is the best approach that can be used by Samsung in order to gain competitive approach. This means that the firm must develop marketing ideas that would be emotionally appealing to the customers (Jerrard, Hands and Ingham 2002, p. 121). The ability to appeal to the emotions of the customer can make the much needed difference when customers are making their purchases. Kotler’s Six Meaning, Brand Pyramid, Brand Resonance According to Roedy and Fisher (2011, p. 81), â€Å"The most distinctive skill of professional marketers is their ability to create, maintain, protect, and enhance brands.† In order to achieve this, a firm must be able to be able to understand six meanings of a brand as defined by Kotler. They include brand attributes, values, benefits, culture, personality, and user. Each of the six brand meanings has been given emphasis by Samsung in its new Smart TV model. The brand resonance pyramid can best be explained using the image below. Source (Jordan 2000, p. 79) In the first layer, the concern of Samsung Company would be to establish brand identity. In the second layer, would involve giving meaning to the brand. The third level involves consumer response to the brand, while in the last tier the focus will be on developing customer relationship. Patents and Trademarks Registered for Protection In the field of design, patent and trademarks are very important. It takes massive efforts, resources and time to come up with a new design in the market. The process of coming up with Smart TV took several processes for different companies and that is why different brands of Smart TVs have some sense of uniqueness. Protecting these ne w designs using patent rights enables a firm to protect its intellectual property. Brands also need to be patented to protect them from piracy or any form of misuse. Below is the brand name and logo of Samsung. The name and logo are patented and no firm can use the above brand unless it is done under mutual agreement with Samsung. All the products of this firm, including Samsung Smart TV use this logo in the market. Conclusion Smart TV has been seen as a revolution in the field of innovation technology. Many companies have entered this field, making it one of the most competitive market segments. Samsung is the leading player in this industry, with products specifically designed to meet the customers’ needs. The design of the product plays a pivotal role in determining whether or not customers may make the purchase of the product. When faced with similar products in the market, customers base their buying decision on the shape, colour, size, design, price, and the brand of a product. These features must be closely monitored by the marketing team of Samsung to help the firm remain competitive. List of References Baxter, M 1999, Product design: practical methods for the systematic development of new products, Stanley Thornes, London. Bidault, F, Despres, C Butler, C 1998, Leveraged Innovation: Unlocking the innovation potential of strategic supply, Macmillan, Basingstoke. Cimpu, O 2013, RD for Smart TV, New York: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Dussauge, P Garette, B 1999, Cooperative Strategy: Competing successfully through strategic alliances, Wiley, Chichester. Jerrard, R, Hands, D Ingham, J 2002, Design Management Case Studies, Routledge, London. Jolly, A 2005, From Idea to Profit, Kogan Page, London. Jordan, P 2000, Designing pleasurable products: an introduction to the new human factors, Taylor Francis, London. Keller, K, Sternthal, B Tybou, A 2002, Three Questions You Need to Ask About Your Brand, Harvard Business Review vol. 2. no. 1, pp. 1 -10. Kelley T, 2001, The art of innovation, Harper Collins Business, London. Norzalita, A Norjaya, M 2010, Analyzing the Brand Equity and Resonance of Banking Services: Malaysian Consumer Perspective, International Journal of Marketing Studies, vol. 2. no. 2, pp 180-185. Roedy, B Fisher, D 2011, What makes business rock: Building the world’s largest global networks, Wiley, Hoboken. Rosellina, F, Amna, K Matherly, T 2013, Look at Me! Look at Me! Conspicuous Brand Usage, Self-Brand Connection, and Dilution, Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 50. no. 4, pp. 477-488. Rust, R, Zeithaml, V Lemon, K 2004, Customer-Centered Business Management, Harvard Business Management, vol. 9. no. 1, pp. 1-11. Trott, P 2005, Innovation Management and New Product Development, FT Prentice Hall, Harlow. Von, S 2003, Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity, John Wiley, Chichester. This dissertation on Marketing Design and Innovation: Smart TV’s was written and submitted by user Silver Gorilla to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Bakufu Ruled Japan for Nearly 700 Years

The Bakufu Ruled Japan for Nearly 700 Years The bakufu was  the military government of Japan between 1192 and 1868, headed by the shogun. Prior to 1192,  the bakufu- also known as shogonate- was responsible only for warfare and policing and was firmly subordinate to the imperial court. Over the centuries, however, the bakufus powers expanded, and it became, effectively, the ruler of Japan for nearly 700 years. Kamakura Period Saurai protecting royal carriage durring the Burning of the Sanjo Palace. Corbis / VCG  / Getty Images Beginning with the Kamakura bakufu in 1192, shoguns ruled Japan while emperors  were mere figureheads.The key figure in the period, which lasted until 1333, was  Minamoto Yoritomo, who ruled from 1192 to 1199 from his family seat at Kamakura, about 30 miles south of Tokyo. During this time, Japanese warlords claimed power from the hereditary monarchy and their scholar-courtiers, giving the samurai warriors- and their lords- ultimate control of the country. Society, too, changed radically, and a new  feudal system  emerged. The Ashikaga Shogonate After years of civil strife, precipitated by the invasion of the Mongols in the late 1200s,  Ashikaga Takauji  overthrew the Kamakura bakufu and  established his own shogunate in Kyoto in 1336.  The Ashikaga bakufu-   or shogonate- ruled  Japan until 1573. Ahsikaga Takauji. æâ€" ¥Ã¦Å" ¬Ã¨ ªÅ¾: ä ¸ Ã¦ËœÅ½ / Public domain /   Wikimedia Commons   However, it was not a strong central governing force, and in fact, the Ashikaga bakufu witnessed the rise of powerful daimyo  all around the country. These regional lords reigned over their domains with very little interference from the  bakufu in Kyoto. Tokugawa Shoguns Toward the end of the Ashikaga bakufu,  and for years thereafter, Japan suffered through nearly 100 years of civil war, fueled mainly by the increasing power of the daimyo. Indeed, the civil war was sparked by the ruling bakufus struggle to bring the warring  daimyo back under central control. Tokugawa Ieyasu. KanÃ…  TanyÃ… « / Public domain / Wikimedia Common In 1603, however, Tokugawa Ieyasu completed this task and established the Tokugawa shogunate- or bakufu- which would rule in the emperors name for 265 years. Life in Tokugawa Japan was peaceful but heavily controlled by the shogunal government, but after a century of chaotic warfare, the peace was a much-needed respite. Fall of the Bakufu When U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry  steamed into Edo Bay (Tokyo Bay) in 1853 and demanded that  Tokugawa Japan  allow foreign powers access to trade, he unwittingly sparked a chain of events that led to Japans rise as a modern imperial power and the fall of the bakufu. Japans political elites realized that the U.S. and other countries were ahead of Japan in terms of military technology and felt threatened by western imperialism. After all, powerful  Qing China  had been brought to its knees by Britain just 14 years earlier in the  First Opium War  and would soon lose the Second Opium War as well. Meiji Restoration Rather than suffer a similar fate, some of Japans elites sought to close the doors even tighter against foreign influence, but the more foresighted began to plan a modernization drive. They felt that it was important to have a strong emperor at the center of Japans political organization to project Japanese power and fend off Western imperialism. As a result, in 1868, the Meiji Restoration extinguished the bakufus authority and returned political power to the emperor. And, nearly 700 years of Japanese rule by the bakufu  came to a sudden end.

A family affair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A family affair - Essay Example Such families need intervention by the social services to protect the child (as cited in Kroll, 2006, p.84). As Broad discussed social institutions do not allow children to stay with their substance misusing parents. Kinship care, offered primarily by family members, is an option that allows the children to remain in the family atmosphere. Family members especially the grand parents can play a special role in such circumstances (as cited in Kroll, 2006, p.86). On the other hand, various studies about the kinship carers in US have revealed their own social and financial problems. Kinship carers can be poor and illiterate. Kinship care, a blessing or a curse, is a matter of discussion according to Cuddeback (as cited in Kroll, 2006, p.86). Also, because of the prebirth maternal drug abuse, children may have to face serious health and behavioral problems. However compared to non-kin care, kinship care is a more stable option as concluded by Beeman & Boisen (as cited in Kroll, 2006, p.86). Barnard noted that support by family members protects kids from the consequences of the irresponsible and violent behavior of their parents. Moreover the parents who want to get rid of the drug problems can achieve this while their children are being taken of by the family members. On the other side, the presence of care takers frees the parents from their responsibility and they do not try to change their habits (as cited in Kroll, 2006, p.87). Substance misuse can pass from parents to their children. It is a very serious matter of concern. Kids who face such problems at home in their childhood often fall prey to such a practice very easily in their adulthood. Inheritance is not the only reason for substance misuse, other factors such as social circle, economic or emotional troubles can also lead to the same. Parental conduct can be a reason of shame for the children in the society and can have adverse effects on their mental state making them vulnerable to other social

Personal Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Theory - Essay Example , 1986, 115-31) Feminist theory takes the position that the portrayal of the damsel in distress has a profound view on the self-perception as children tend to emulate the characteristics of their favorite characters in children’s literature and attempt to subscribe to their respective character traits. (Zipes, 1989, 185-200) Feminist theory takes the position that the damsel in distress portrays a view of human nature that perpetuates an entirely sexist view of human nature.(Kramer and Moore, 2001) The underlying message is that the female in distress does not have the ability to cope on her own and is dependent upon a males assistance for relief. The view of human nature in this distinction between female and male characterization is exemplified in Cinderella where the damsel in distress is rescued by a Prince Charming who holds out the promise of marriage, status, wealth and happiness. The heroine is helpless and powerless and cannot find redemption without male interference. Sleeping Beauty and Snow White are similar in their respective approaches to this view of human nature in that the heroine is passive and dependant upon the strong, rich and powerful male for redemptive value. Beauty and The Beast puts forward the strong male/weak female view of human nature in a different way. In this fairy tale, the male is aggressive, cruel and punishing and is eventually tamed by the self-sacrificing, beautiful female victim. The female heroine eventually comes to the realization that the male’s cruelty and aggression were all facades for his underlying love for the female and his actual cruel and violent outbursts were merely manifestations of his love for her. (Coward, 1984, 189) Girls who read these Fairy Tales obviously form a distorted view of their perceptions of the female’s role in society. Feminist theory advocates that girls tend to idealize these feminine traits and strive to emulate them. The role of the councilor is to help women who have

The Effects Of Using Cartoon Videos

The Effects Of Using Cartoon Videos Using multimedia is more and more useful in teaching and it has been applied as teaching materials for language teacher. Audiovisual method helps language learners not only understand what they hear but also improve their vocabulary, pronunciation. To encourage the development students listening comprehension, audiovisual materials with subtitles were supposed a powerful pedagogical tool which can help improve the vocabulary learning of second-language learners by Fazilatfar, Ghorbani L. Samavarchi (2011). The main purpose this paper investigates teaching method of using audiovisual material as cartoon videos with subtitles and this paper is a survey to get results of the effect of using cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles to develop English listening skill of first years students at Quang Trung technical college in Vietnam, who are fifty students of low-level of English. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the variety of educational technology offers language teachers more opportunities when they select materials as multimedia or electronic to teach students the target language in the classroom (Shiao-Ling Tsai, 2011). Cartoon videos with subtitles are kind of useful and important audiovisual materials in teaching/ learning the second language. Also, cartoons have supposed a potentially valuable contribution in teaching by Van Wyk (2011) and they have visually impacted all students immediately without discrimination of age or background, are able to respond in some way to the educational point being made. Indeed, Cartoon videos with subtitles are kind of useful and important audiovisual materials in teaching/ learning the second language. Using educational cartoon videos with subtitles can attract students attention, so develop the students motivation on listening skill and effect of vocabulary acquisition on listening skill. The purpose of listening comprehension, the student must understand what good listening comprehension entails and understand meaning of the dialogue, so vocabulary learning was often consider to be of paramount importance (Taiwei Wu, 2008). To understand the importance of subtitle towards vocabulary acquisition and improve listening skill through watching cartoon videos/ audiovisual materials, many teachers help students how to get that. In a research of a group of authors as Abdolmajid Hayati and Firooz Mohmedi (2011) expressed that acquisition of various types of language properties may be acquired by watching subtitled television programs, which may use to be improvement in the ability to discern separate words in the flow of spoken language, word pronunciation, and proficiency in constructing correct sentences. However, in the other line this group of researches has also supposed more and more English a foreign language (EFL) teacher have begun to use movies in their classes at different levels. But the teachers of English Were sometimes in a dilemma whether they should show a  ¬Ã‚ lm with or without subtitles and in what language and, above all, which way will bene ¬Ã‚ t their students most in relation to listening comprehension. This means that the vocabulary plays role as language subtitles are very important in development of listening skill. Many researchers have ever carried out on audiovisual materials/ cartoon videos with subtitles on listening comprehension/ listening skill of language learners and many important finding have figured out. However, with the latest researches that can relate much with this research paper, and they were found strong points to inherit and weak points to study for the best knowledge of this paper for contexts of language students in Vietnam. Also, the researcher of this paper takes up the issues and conducts study in order to determine the role of Vietnamese subtitles in language learning and teaching for low-level of first students at Quang Trung technical college. In other words, the aim of study would like to find out what of method is likely to be more effective in developing English listening skill for low-level students. With relevant articles, which researcher of this paper found out to answer the following sub-research questions? What are the effects of cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles on vocabulary acquisition? How can the language teachers use cartoon videos with subtitles effectually in teaching English listening comprehension? LITERATURE REVIEW Many researchers have ever studied about many aspects of audiovisual material on listening comprehension/ listening skill. However, among these, the researcher of this paper find out some researches that relevant to the effect of subtitling on vocabulary acquisition and the support of subtitle on listening skill through watching cartoon videos. The subtitles effect on vocabulary acquisition. In the research of Shiao-Ling Tsai (2011), He recruited participants as 65 children of Taiwanese fifth graders from 2 classes at elementary school in Tai Chung. All of them have learned English for two years at least and have been taught by the same English teacher at school during research. The participants were divided into 2 groups with one English-subtitle watching the English cartoon videos with English subtitle and one non-subtitle watching the English cartoon videos without English subtitles for 20 minutes each lesson. After three-month course ended up, the post-test was conducted to test the students English listening comprehension with following interview results : While viewing the video, 50% of students of the English-subtitle group and 90% of the students of the non-subtitle group worried that they may not understand what the characters said. 80% of the students of English-subtitle group and 90% the students of the non-subtitle group said they paid attention when they vie wed the video. 70% of the students of the English-subtitle group and also 70% of the students of the non-subtitle group thought that they may not understand the content of the video without Chinese subtitle. 70% of students of the English-subtitle group and 100% of the students of non-subtitle group responded they guessed the meanings when they did not understand what the characters said. Besides, Shiao-Ling Tsai remarked that most of the English-subtitle group students were excited while they watched the videos and learning attitude seemed better than that of the non-subtitle group. In summary, from the research of Shiao-Ling Tsai, there was the effect of vocabulary acquisition in watching cartoon videos through using subtitles or not subtitles. Understanding the content of cartoon videos or not which is criticized by cartoon videos with subtitles. Those mean that vocabulary acquisition to be provided through cartoon videos. In addition, one more evidence which persuaded that the subtitles effected on vocabulary acquisition. In the research of Fazilatfar, Ghorbani and Samivarchi (2010),The effect of standard and reversed subtitling versus no subtitling mode on L2 vocabulary learning, the researchers of this study writing had found vocabulary scores of participants who watched the movie in subtitling condition were higher than without subtitles. The researchers of this study carried out studying with 100 Iranian EFL learners, who had studied English as a compulsory course during their junior high school and high school. Moreover, they were enrolled at a private English center called Oxford institute presently and also had finish the Intro level of Interchange Third Edition series and had started the Interchange 1 level. Then, the5-minute-long episode of an animated cartoon was selected for the experiment with following three groups: Group A (non-subtitling) included those participants who watched the movi e with original sound track and without the subtitles, Group B (standard subtitling) watched the movie in a foreign language (English) in sound track and native language (Persian) in subtitles, and Group C (reversed subtitling) watched the movie with foreign language (English) in subtitles and native language (Persian) in sound track. After watching, the test results of the tests administered were analyzed by three form tests namely 1.form recognition, 2.meaning translation, and 3.multiple-choice. With the form recognition test, scores in the reversed subtitled (C) condition were higher than in the standard subtitled condition (B), and scores those in the standard subtitled condition (B) were relatively higher than in the non-subtitled condition (A); with meaning translation test, the results were suggested that the participants in the reversed subtitled condition (C) outperformed those in the standard subtitled condition (B), and the participants in the standard subtitled condition (B) outperformed those in the non-subtitled condition (A). Finally, with multiple-choice test indicated that: lexical gains in the reversed subtitled condition (C) were higher than those in the standard subtitled condition (B), and lexical gains in the standard subtitled condition (B) were higher than those in the non-subtitled condition (A) One study by Abdolmajid and Firooz (2011) focused on 90 students with the average age 22, who were chosen from a group of 200 juniors and seniors majoring in Teaching English as a Foreign Language on the basis of their scores on the English language pro ¬Ã‚ ciency test at Islamic Azad University of Masjed Soleyman in south west of Iran. They were divided into three groups randomly to watch film with English Subtitle Group (ESG), Persian Subtitle Group (PSG) and Without Subtitle Group (WSG). After 6 weeks researchers of this writing conducted experimental research, results hade collected from a multiple-choice comprehension test in each section of day, which was administered in order to evaluate their listening comprehension and provide grounds for comparison. Besides, results had been also collected by the final test of viewpoints about the effect of subtitled and/or non-subtitled  ¬Ã‚ lms. By score results, researchers of this writing supposed that students had learned not onl y vocabulary through the English videos with English subtitles but also getting more benefit through English videos subtitled in Persian. On the whole, the researchers were found above, which refer for this writing the cartoons videos with subtitles effect on vocabulary acquisition. The research papers forwarded videos with subtitles or without subtitles, and subtitles in the first language (L1) or the second language (English-L2). The researcher of these writings recognized that the effects of videos with subtitles are not only on listening comprehension but also on vocabulary acquisition by their subtitles. Such as in the research The effects of viewing subtitles of English cartoon videos on Taiwanese fifth graders English listening comprehension was written by Shiao-Ling Tsai (2011), Chinese subtitles in English cartoon video also help students in listening comprehension and reminiscence vocabulary. Besides, English videos with Persian subtitles (Fazilatfar, Ghorbani and Samivarchi , 2010) help students to understand meaning vocabulary and improve listening comprehension better , this is consistent with the consider ation by Abdolmajid and Firooz (2011). From these reasonable considerations, the researcher of this paper judges that cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles effect on vocabulary positively with students of low-level English in Vietnam. Cartoon videos with subtitles are used effectually in teaching English listening comprehension. The use of cartoon videos with subtitles appropriately with context/ circumstance and object of learners is much benefit in teaching listening comprehension. Language teachers are suggested to consider the benefit of using captions when teaching listening skills through video viewing (Jing-mei Chung, 1999), which could not only make comprehension of authentic video less difficult and encourage conscious language learning but also increase students interest in maintaining or increasing their knowledge of the target language by promoting new lexicon in a appropriate context. Moreover, the video programmes with English subtitles would motivate students to improve their listening comprehension more than other programmes but watching a film with L1 subtitles, which made them understand the film better was claimed to be suitable for beginners because of the limited rang of vocabulary items Abdolmajid Hayati and Firooz Mohmedi (2011). The suitability of context with object of learners as children was through research of Shiao-Ling Tsai (2011). In this study, Taiwanese fifth graders were chosen to research about the effects of viewing subtitles of English cartoon videos on listening comprehension. And the kind of English cartoon videos were not only suitable and interesting videos for children as The Ant Bully, The Wild, Valiant, The Incredibles, and Flushed but also educational morals of contents. Subtitles and vocabulary were simple because of suitable cartoon videos styles that made language learners, as children seem to be motivate and interesting in watching. However, the results had acquired on listening comprehension through watching cartoon videos with subtitles and without that was difference. On the contrary, Paul Markham (1999), he chose participants who were advanced, uni- versity-level ESL students participated in the study. They were intensive English language students who represented fifteen differen t first language backgrounds. With 2 two excerpts from educational television programs as whales and civil rights, but both of them were approximately of equal difficulty and the syntactic complexity of the captions. Thus, to use of cartoon videos in suitable object of learners and context on listening comprehension, this is important for teaching language. In addition, In a study of Jing-mei Chung (1999), the research was carried out to study on 183, 17 to 19 year-old, 4th year non-English major students of technology school, in Taiwan. With the circumstance, these students were chosen in the random circumstance and in low-intermediate of English proficiency. Besides, the training of their English listening was neglected in long time, and the students environment is surrounded by mother tongue. The two episodes were chosen to view which was one of school material videos caption, Family Album, U.S.A.: Book I, is Basic English and improvement of learners. Jing-mei Chung collected the results from multiple-choice test and open-ended attitude questionnaire and considered that most students mentioned video captions in the target language and in their mother language. And he also judged caption in target language making propitious condition for students listening comprehension. However, using video captions in the circumstance of crowded stu dents and irregular English listening are not very effectively. The method of Researches and research findings The latest researcher used many ways in their research methods in order to find out the best findings in teaching Language listening comprehension through videos with caption/subtitles or cartoon videos with subtitles. The first, in the study about the effect of applying two techniques to video viewing of Jing mei Chung (1999) who used Multiple-choice test and survey Open-Ended attitude questionnaire in his researcher to analyze so that he brought out findings of using advance organizers and captions. And these findings were suggest to do benefit more than using one technique only in teaching listening comprehension for students. The second, by analysis of results with quantitative and interview method through the research The effects of captioning videos used for foreign language listening activity of Paula, Susan, Tetyana (2010), which they researched on 150 foreign language learners from a large Midwestern university in the USA with 2 times of watching videos (with no captioning and with captioning). The finding, which they found out to be listening twice to a video, could reduce listeners anxiety, activate selective and global listening strategies, and promote automaticity in processing of listening. The third, Abdolmajid Hayati and Firooz Mohmedi (2011) used Multiple-choice tests only to evaluate the results through a pilot study with 90 Iranian students who were at average age 22, studying Islamic Azad University of Masjed Soleyman. Based on results of score of 3 groups (English Subtitle Group, Persian Subtitle Group, Without Subtitle Group) after watching a documentary film, which help them to find out the finding for research title: The effect of  ¬Ã‚ lms with and without subtitles on listening comprehension of EFL learners. The results demonstrated that students listening comprehension would improve through video programmes with English subtitles more than the other programmes. But because of students limited range of vocabulary items, watching a f ilm with the mother tongue language was supposed to be suitable for beginning learners. To summarize, in order that the English learners develop listening comprehension for language learners in Vietnam better, various strategies of teaching and learning through subtitled materials need to be chosen appropriately, such as English cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles will create learners more easily understanding of content than without subtitles. Moreover, watching L1 subtitling videos/ L1 subtitling cartoon video may help student acquire vocabulary or improve English words easily, this is suitable with English learners in Vietnam, specially, for elementary English level of learners. Limitation of the latest researches and appropriateness for the context of language learners in Vietnam The purpose of this research paper is finding out the effects of audiovisual materials such as cartoon videos with subtitles on development of listening comprehension for the second language learners (English language learners), and limitation of research contexts or research materials and research of relevant researches that suggest whether they will be appropriate application with this paper or not. In one study of the use cartoons with subtitles so that teaching vocabulary (Fazilatfar, Ghorbani and Samivarchi, 2010), which researchers made a pilot study of watching cartoon videos in three conditions: without subtitles, English dialogues with Persian subtitles and Parisian dialogues with English subtitles. These researchers only paid attention to vocabulary acquisition through subtitling-video, without mention listening comprehension, though achievement of listening comprehension. Additionally, learning through cartoon videos with subtitle to develop one field of English for specif ic such as English listening comprehension of economics of Van Wyk (2011), he only mentioned that how the videos with subtitles helped major students of economy had the best way of comprehension about the context of nations economy. Perhaps this method should use for teaching specific English. Besides, using educational cartoon videos with subtitles about animals in development of listening comprehension (Shiao-Ling Tsai, 2011; Paula, Susan, Tetyana (2010), vocabulary acquisition and their contents were limited for one subject matter as animals, thus listening comprehension did not uphold to other subject matter, such as communicate English. Circumstances of language students of Quang Trung technical college are low-level of communicate English. English is not supposed important in students thought in their future, so they do not have much motivation to study but that is not judicious awareness because English is an international language that becomes indispensability for everyone. Moreover, their English, which they were taught in secondary schools and high schools before was Basic English with writing and reading comprehension better than listening and speaking comprehension. So their listening comprehension is rated weakly. With the purpose of development listening comprehension, the research of this paper would like to use English cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles to help them study better. Therefore, the research methods are relevant above, which may help the writer of this paper in references of appropriate findings for writing paper of methodology. Conclusion In conclusion, many researchers studied about the effects of videos with subtitles on listening comprehension of second language learners and they have also come up important findings that help teaching methods of language teachers better in the epoch, which English is international language. By the reference of relevant researches, the researcher of this paper summarized some of findings of the latest researchers in order to approach those findings in bringing into play of research method. However, for object students study communicate English, who are at the age of 16 to 22 year-old, selecting of kind of appropriate cartoon videos with Vietnamese subtitles and time length of viewing so that conduction is good for findings in methodology of this research paper.